Coexistence of Renin-independent Aldosterone Secretion and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Within a Family

by
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a state of renin-independent aldosterone secretion that can range from subclinical to overt. Some normotensive individuals for whom PA screening is not routinely recommended are reported to fulfill the loading test criterion used for the diagnosis of PA. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of various endocrine tumors. Cases of PA associated with MEN1 have been reported; however, there has been no previous report on renin-independent aldosterone secretion within a family with MEN1. Herein, we present the case of a normotensive family presenting with both MEN1 and renin-independent aldosterone secretion. A 49-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for PA evaluation owing to the plasma aldosterone concentration/plasma renin activity ratio being greater than the screening cut-off value; the patient was normotensive.
The patient had a history of left nephrectomy and adrenalectomy for left renal carcinoma and adrenal tumor at the age of 39 years. Subsequently, he was diagnosed with MEN1 concurrent with primary hyperparathyroidism, insulinoma, and novel MEN1 gene mutations (c.655-5_655-4insC and c.818delC). The loading tests for PA confirmation, including saline infusion, and furosemide upright and captopril challenge tests, yielded positive findings, confirming a case of renin-independent aldosterone secretion. The patient’s mother, brother, and sister were also genetically or clinically diagnosed with MEN1. All of them were also normotensive and confirmed to have renin-independent aldosterone secretion. The coexistence of renin-independent aldosterone secretion and MEN1 within this family suggests a relationship between the 2 entities.

Compromised blood flow in the optic nerve head after systemic administration of 2 aldosterone in rats: A possible rat model of retinal ganglion cell loss

Purpose: To investigate the optic nerve head (ONH) blood flow, retinal vessel diameters, and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss after systemic administration of aldosterone in rats.
Methods: Aldosterone (80 μg/kg/day) or vehicle was administered using an osmotic minipump in Brown Norway rats. The mean blur rate in the vessel (MV) and tissue (MT) regions and retinal vessel diameters in the ONH were measured by laser speckle flowgraphy before and 1, 2, and 4 weeks after administration of aldosterone or vehicle. Intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure, and heart rate were recorded. The retrogradely labeled RGCs were counted in the retinal flatmounts prepared 5 weeks after treatment.
Results: The MV and MT in the aldosterone group significantly decreased at 2 and 4 weeks (MV: 2 weeks, P = 0.001, 4 weeks, P < 0.001; MT: 2 weeks, P = 0.02, 4 weeks, P = 0.03). The artery and vein diameters significantly decreased at 1, 2, and 4 weeks in the aldosterone group (all P < 0.001). The MV, MT, and vessel diameters remained unchanged in the vehicle group. Other parameters did not change over time in either group. RGC counts were significantly lower in the aldosterone group than in the vehicle group (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: ONH blood flow decreased following retinal vessel constriction without changes in IOP or blood pressure in a possible rat model of RGC loss by systemic administration of aldosterone.

Ocular Distribution of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in the Context of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an unprecedented impact on global health, economy, and way of life. SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the disease, utilizes the ACE2 receptor found on host cells to mediate entry, replication, and infection. Numerous studies have elucidated the presence of many components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the eye, including the ACE2 receptor. Considering this, and the anatomical vulnerability that the exposed ocular surface offers with its interconnectedness to the respiratory system, there is a theoretical risk of pathogen entry from the ocular route as well as the development of COVID-19-associated eye disease.
Despite this, the actual epidemiological data demonstrates low ocular symptoms, possibly due to differing ACE2 receptor expression across age, ethnicity, and sex coupled with the protective properties of tears. We summarize the current literature on ocular RAAS with specific focus on the ACE2 receptor and its interplay with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Report from the HarmoSter study: impact of calibration on comparability of LC-MS/MS measurement of circulating cortisol, 17OH-progesterone and aldosterone

Objectives: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is recommended for measuring circulating steroids. However, assays display technical heterogeneity. So far, reproducibility of corticosteroid LC-MS/MS measurements has received scant attention. The aim of the study was to compare LC-MS/MS measurements of cortisol, 17OH-progesterone and aldosterone from nine European centers and assess performance according to external quality assessment (EQA) materials and calibration.
Methods: Seventy-eight patient samples, EQA materials and two commercial calibration sets were measured twice by laboratory-specific procedures. Results were obtained by in-house (CAL1) and external calibrations (CAL2 and CAL3). We evaluated intra and inter-laboratory imprecision, correlation and agreement in patient samples, and trueness, bias and commutability in EQA materials.
Results: Using CAL1, intra-laboratory CVs ranged between 2.8-7.4%, 4.4-18.0% and 5.2-22.2%, for cortisol, 17OH-progesterone and aldosterone, respectively. Trueness and bias in EQA materials were mostly acceptable, however, inappropriate commutability and target value assignment were highlighted in some cases. CAL2 showed suboptimal accuracy. Median inter-laboratory CVs for cortisol, 17OH-progesterone and aldosterone were 4.9, 11.8 and 13.8% with CAL1 and 3.6, 10.3 and 8.6% with CAL3 (all p<0.001), respectively. Using CAL1, median bias vs. all laboratory-medians ranged from -6.6 to 6.9%, -17.2 to 7.8% and -12.0 to 16.8% for cortisol, 17OH-progesterone and aldosterone, respectively. Regression lines significantly deviated from the best fit for most laboratories. Using CAL3 improved cortisol and 17OH-progesterone between-method bias and correlation.
Conclusions: Intra-laboratory imprecision and performance with EQA materials were variable. Inter-laboratory performance was mostly within specifications. Although residual variability persists, adopting common traceable calibrators and RMP-determined EQA materials is beneficial for standardization of LC-MS/MS steroid measurements.

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High Prevalence of Autonomous Aldosterone Production in Hypertension: How to Identify and Treat It

Purpose of review: Primary aldosteronism (PA) affects millions of individuals worldwide. When unrecognized, PA leads to cardiovascular and renal complications via mechanisms independent from those mediated by hypertension. In this review, we emphasize the importance of PA screening in at-risk populations, and we provide options for customized PA therapy, with consideration for a variety of clinical care settings.
Recent findings: Compelling evidence puts PA at the forefront of secondary hypertension etiologies. Cardiovascular and renal damage likely begins in early stages of renin-independent aldosterone excess. PA must be considered not only in patients with resistant hypertension or hypokalemia, but also when hypertension is associated with obstructive sleep apnea or atrial fibrillation, or in those with early-onset hypertension. Screening with plasma aldosterone and renin is widely accessible, and targeted PA therapy can successfully circumvent the excess cardiorenal risk relative to equivalent primary hypertension. Identifying and treating PA in early stages provide opportunities for personalized hypertension therapy in a large number of patients. Additionally, early targeted therapy of PA is essential for pivoting the care of such patients from reactive to preventive of cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality.

Comparison and commutability study between standardized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for aldosterone measurement in blood

by
A commutability confirmation test for the blood aldosterone measurement was performed on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as a designated comparison method (DCM) and four chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) measurement procedures based on metrological traceability. A conventional radioimmunoassay (RIA) and two measurement procedures of CLEIA which obtains RIA equivalent values were also compared. The relationship between the DCM value and the CLEIA value with respect to 120 pg/mL of the RIA value, which is the screening criterion of primary aldosteronism (PA) was clarified. For the correlation test, 75 samples of patient serum and plasma were used. Regression analysis revealed that the standardized LC-MS/MS and four CLEIA measurement procedures were in good agreement.
This is the effect of measurement specificity and calibration using by certified reference material (CRM). The median of the LC-MS/MS corresponding to 120 pg/mL of RIA was 48.5 pg/mL. In the mean of standardized four CLEIA values corresponding to the 48.5 pg/mL of LC-MS/MS value was 47.51 pg/mL and the standard deviation (SD) was 2.93 pg/mL. However, the correlation between the RIA value and the RIA equivalent of the two measurement procedures by CLEIA differed depending on the measurement procedure. This is due to the influence of RIA measurement performance. Standardized CLEIA measurements are suitable for routine measurement procedure. When converting the LC-MS/MS equivalent value by the standardized CLEIA to the conventional RIA value, it is necessary to use the conversion formula.

Comparisons of plasma aldosterone and renin data between an automated chemiluminescent immunoanalyzer and conventional radioimmunoassays in the screening and diagnosis of primary aldosteronism

Determining values of plasma renin activity (PRA) or plasma active renin concentration (ARC), plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), and aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) is essential to diagnose primary aldosteronism (PA), but it takes several days with conventional radioimmunoassays (RIAs). Chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassays for PAC and ARC using the Accuraseed® immunoanalyzer facilitated the determination, but relations between Accuraseed® immunoanalyzer-based and RIA-based values in samples of PA confirmatory tests and adrenal venous sampling remained to be elucidated. We addressed this issue in the present study. This is a prospective, cross-sectional study. ARC and PAC values were measured by the Accuraseed® immunoanalyzer in samples, in which PRA and PAC values had been measured by the PRA-FR® RIA and SPAC®-S Aldosterone kits, respectively. The relations between Accuraseed® immunoanalyzer-based and RIA-based values were investigated with regression analyses. The optimal cutoff of Accuraseed® immunoanalyzer-based ARR for PA screening was determined by the receiver operating characteristic analysis.
After log-log transformations, linear relations with high coefficients of determination were observed between Accuraseed® immunoanalyzer-based and RIA-based data of renin and aldosterone. Following the PA guidelines of Japan Endocrine Society, Accuraseed® immunoanalyzer-based cutoffs were calculated from the regression equations: the basal PAC for PA screening >12 ng/dL, PAC for the saline infusion test >8.2 ng/dL, ARC for the furosemide-upright test <15 pg/mL, and ARR for the captopril challenge test >3.09 ng/dL per pg/mL. The optimal cutoff of Accuraseed® immunoanalyzer-based ARR for PA screening was >2.43 ng/dL over pg/mL not to overlook bilateral PA patients. The present study provided conversion formulas between Accuraseed® immunoanalyzer-based and RIA-based values of renin, aldosterone, and ARR, not only in basal samples but also in samples of PA confirmatory tests and adrenal venous sampling. Although validation studies are awaited, the present study will become priming water of harmonization of renin and aldosterone immunoassays.

Novel chemiluminescent immunoassay to measure plasma aldosterone and plasma active renin concentrations for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism

  • Determination of plasma aldosterone concentrations (PAC) and plasma active renin concentrations (ARC) is essential for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism (PA). In Japan, although PAC and ARC are measured by radioimmunoassay and immunoradiometric assay, respectively, non-radioisotopic methods with better detection sensitivity, measurement accuracy, and technical simplicity are needed. We developed two-site sandwich chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassays (CLEIAs) to measure both PAC and ARC using monoclonal antibodies immobilized onto ferrite particles. The results of both assays are obtained simultaneously from a single plasma sample within 30 min using a fully automated system.
  • The novel CLEIAs were validated using plasma samples from patients with PA (n = 52) and essential hypertension (n = 23). The PAC determined by the CLEIA was significantly correlated with that measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry or conventional radioimmunoassay. The ARC determined by the CLEIA was significantly correlated with that measured by immunoradiometric assay. The limits of detection of the CLEIAs for PAC and ARC were 0.1 ng/dl and 0.04 pg/ml, respectively, which were better than those of conventional methods (PAC: 2.5 ng/dl; ARC: 5 pg/ml).
  • The PAC and PAC/ARC ratio (ARR) were significantly higher, and the ARC significantly lower, in patients with PA than in those with essential hypertension. An ARR cut-off of 1.31 ng/dl per pg/ml showed a sensitivity of 96.2% and specificity of 78.3% for PA screening. The newly developed CLEIAs for measuring PAC and ARC could provide a clinically powerful alternative to conventional methods used for hypertension screening in clinical practice.

Feasibility of Screening Primary Aldosteronism by Aldosterone-to-Direct Renin Concentration Ratio Derived from Chemiluminescent Immunoassay Measurement: Diagnostic Accuracy and Cutoff Value.

<AbstractText>Aldosterone-to-plasma renin activity ratio (ARR) derived from traditional radioimmunoassay (RIA) is widely used to detect primary aldosteronism (PA). Recently, aldosterone-to-direct renin concentration ratio (ADRR), which is calculated by direct renin concentration (DRC) measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), is proposed to replace ARR as the screening test method for PA. The purpose of the present study was to estimate the diagnostic accuracy and cutoff value of ADRR as screening test for PA.</AbstractText><AbstractText>450 hypertensive patients with suspected PA referred to hypertension center of our department were enrolled and underwent screening and confirmatory tests of PA. Plasma renin activity (PRA), DRC, and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) were measured by both RIA and CLIA simultaneously during screening and confirmatory test.</AbstractText><AbstractText>386 patients were diagnosed as primary hypertension (PH) and 64 patients as PA.
Within-patient correlation between PRA and DRC (r=0.88, P<0.001) and correlation between PAC measured by RIA and CLIA were high (r=0.80, P<0.001). The optimal cutoff value of ADRR was 2.93 (ng/dL)/(mU/L), sensitivity 80.33%, and specificity 92.11%. The optimal cutoff value of ARR was 25.28 (ng/dL)/(ng/mL/h), sensitivity 76.92%, and specificity 93.38%.</AbstractText><AbstractText>The optimal cutoff values of ADRR and ARR for screening PA are defined in this patient cohort with high sensitivity and specificity. Our results are of clinical importance for accelerating the extensive use of ADRR as a screening test for PA in daily practice.

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PRMT1 Chemiluminescent Assay Kit
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Diagnostic accuracy of aldosterone and renin measurement by chemiluminescent immunoassay and radioimmunoassay in primary aldosteronism.

Up to 50% of hypertensive patients should be screened for primary aldosteronism, using the aldosterone to renin (or plasma renin activity) ratio [aldosterone to active renin ratio (AARR) and aldosterone to plasma renin activity ratio (ARR), respectively]. Aim of the study was to prospectively compare the diagnostic accuracy of AARR (measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay) and ARR (measured by radioimmunoassay) as screening tests for primary aldosteronism and aldosterone assays (measured by chemiluminescence and radioimmunoassay) during confirmatory testing.
METHODS
One hundred patients were screened for primary aldosteronism and 34 underwent confirmatory testing. The cut-offs for ARR and AARR were 30 ng/dl/ng/ml/h and 3.7 ng/dl/mU/l, respectively. Patients with positive confirmatory test underwent subtype diagnosis.
RESULTS
Seventy-five patients were essential hypertensive patients, 15 had idiopathic hyperaldosteronism, five aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and five with undefined diagnosis. The AARR displayed a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 99%, the ARR had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 73%. Of the two of 20 primary aldosteronism patients missed by AARR, none resulted affected by APA. All primary aldosteronism patients were correctly diagnosed by chemiluminescence at confirmatory testing. In the total sample of 168 measurements both the correlation for plasma renin activity with renin and for aldosterone in chemiluminescence and radioimmunoassay were highly significant (ρ = 0.70, P < 0.001 and ρ = 0.78, P < 0.001, respectively). On receiver operator characteristics curves, the area under the curve for AARR was 0.989 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1] and 0.934 for ARR (95% CI 0.89-0.98), which were not significantly different.
CONCLUSIONS
The automated aldosterone and renin chemiluminescent assay is a reliable alternative to the radioimmunometric method, especially for APA detection.

Safety and Effectiveness of Oral Methylprednisolone Therapy in Comparison With Intramuscular Adrenocorticotropic Hormone and Oral Prednisolone in Children With Infantile Spasms

by
Background and Purpose: To assess the safety and effectiveness of oral methylprednisolone (oMP) in comparison with intramuscular adrenocorticotropic hormone (imACTH) and oral prednisolone (oP) therapies in children with infantile spasms (IS).
Methods: In this prospective, open-label, non-blinded, uncontrolled observational study, children (aged 2-24 months) with newly diagnosed IS presenting with hypsarrhythmia or its variants on electroencephalogram (EEG) were included. It was followed by imACTH, oP, or oMP (32-48 mg/day for 2 weeks followed by tapering) treatments. Electroclinical remission/spasm control, relapse, and adverse effects were evaluated in the short-term (days 14 and 42) and intermediary-term (3, 6, and 12 months) intervals.
Results: A total of 320 pediatric patients were enrolled: 108, 107, and 105 in the imACTH, oMP, and oP groups, respectively. The proportion of children achieving electroclinical remission on days 14 and 42 was similar among the three groups (day 14: 53.70 vs. 60.75 vs. 51.43%, p = 0.362; day 42: 57.55 vs. 63.46 vs. 55.34%, p = 0.470). The time to response was significantly faster in the oMP group (6.5 [3.00, 10.00] days vs. 8.00 [5.00, 11.00] days for imACTH and 8.00 [5.00, 13.00] days for oP, p = 0.025). Spasm control at 3, 6, and 12 months was also similar in the three groups (P = 0.775, 0.667, and 0.779). The relapse rate in the imACTH group (24.10%) was lower than oMP (30.77%) and oP groups (33.33%), and the time taken for relapse in the imACTH group (79.00 [56.50, 152.00] days) was longer than oMP (62.50 [38.00, 121.75] days) and oP groups (71.50 [40.00, 99.75] days), but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.539 and 0.530, respectively). The occurrence of adverse effects was similar among the three groups.
Conclusions: The short and intermediary-term efficacy and recurrence rates of oMP are not inferior to those of imACTH and oP for the treatment of IS. Significantly, the time to achieve electroclinical remission with oMP was quicker than that with imACTH and oP. Considering its convenience, affordability, and the absence of irreversible side effects, oMP can serve as a form of first-line treatment for newly diagnosed IS.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Independent Cushing Syndrome with Right Adrenal Adenoma and HIV Infection: A Case Report

Background: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent Cushing’s syndrome (CS) with right adrenal adenoma combined with HIV infection has rarely been reported.
Case presentation: A 39-year-old Chinese male patient with HIV infection was admitted to our hospital due to increased blood pressure in the previous 2 years and weight gain in the previous 6 months. Endocrinological examinations showed that blood cortisol (8 a.m.) was 22.23 μg/dl, the level of ACTH (8 a.m.) was less than 1pg/ml and twenty-four-hour urinary cortisol was 1429 μg/24h. ACTH-independent CS was diagnosed based on low ACTH levels (<1.00 pg/ml), a lack of cortisol circadian rhythms, and unsuppressed cortisol levels by dexamethasone. The ultrasonography and multislice spiral computed tomography scan revealed a right adrenal mass. Due to the HIV status of the patient, we measured the count of CD4+ T helper cells. Laparoscopic right adrenal resection was performed after the CD4+ T helper cell count was > 200 cells/μl. Subsequent immunohistochemical staining confirmed right adrenal adenoma.
Results: The postoperative recovery was good, and wound healing was possible. After surgical treatment, endocrinological examinations indicated that the level of ACTH increased and the levels of serum cortisol and twenty-four-hour urinary cortisol decreased, which indicated that CS was controlled. CD4/CD8 was 0.47 at reexamination, and the patient’s immunity was improved.
Conclusion: Due to the potential side effects of steroid drugs, clinicians should use these medications with caution and closely monitor the development of adrenal deficiency.

Comparison of Bolus and Continuous Infusion of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone During Adrenal Vein Sampling

Background: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is widely used in adrenal vein sampling (AVS) and can be administered as a bolus injection or continuous infusion. The optimal administration method has not been determined. We aimed to compare the effects of ACTH bolus with infusion on cannulation success, lateralization assessment and adverse events (AEs).
Methods: Retrospectively collected data from patients with primary aldosteronism who underwent AVS with ACTH at a tertiary hospital in China. Rate of successful cannulation, lateralization index (LI), complete biochemical remission and AEs related to AVS were analyzed.
Results: The study included 80 patients receiving ACTH bolus and 94 receiving infusions. The rate of successful cannulation was comparable between bolus and infusion groups (75/80, 93.4% vs 88/94, 93.6%). In those with successful cannulation, the bolus group had a higher selectivity index than the infusion group, while LI [6.4(1.8-17.5) vs. 7.6(2.0-27.8), P=0.48] and rate of complete biochemical remission (43/44, 97.7% vs 53/53, 100%, P=0.45) did not significantly differ between the two groups. One in the bolus and one patient in the infusion group had adrenal vein rupture but they recovered with conservative treatment. The bolus group reported more transient AEs such as palpitation (52.9% vs 2.2%) and abdominal discomfort (40.0% vs 2.2%) than the infusion group.
Conclusions: Due to their similar effects on cannulation success and lateralization, but a lower rate of transient AEs in the infusion group, the continuous infusion method should be recommended for ACTH stimulation in AVS.

Cushing’s syndrome caused by intra-adrenocortical adrenocorticotropic hormone in a dog

A 13-year-old Labrador retriever was diagnosed with Cushing’s syndrome (CS) caused by primary bilateral nodular adrenocortical hyperplasia with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) expression. The pituitary origin of CS was ruled out by suppression of plasma ACTH concentration and absence of a proliferative lesion on histological evaluation of the pituitary gland using periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, reticulin staining, and immunostaining for ACTH. A pheochromocytoma also was found at necropsy examination.
On histological evaluation of both adrenal glands, at the junction of the fascicular and glomerular zones, multiple cell clusters distributed in both hyperplastic adrenal cortices expressed ACTH, whereas the pheochromocytoma cells did not. These results indicate that a disease similar to primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia in humans also occurs in dogs, with intra-adrenocortical expression of ACTH, glucocorticoids excess, and clinical signs of CS. Therefore, the term ACTH-independent could be inappropriate in some cases of bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia and suppressed plasma ACTH concentration in dogs.

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Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (11-24) Peptide
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abx266770-200l Abbexa 200 µl 212.5 EUR

Exercise-induced adrenocorticotropic hormone response is cooperatively regulated by hypothalamic arginine vasopressin and corticotrophin-releasing hormone

Introduction: Exercise becomes a stress when performed at an intensity above the lactate threshold (LT) because at that point the plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), a marker of stress response, increases. It is possible that the exercise-induced ACTH response is regulated at least by arginine vasopressin (AVP) and possibly by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), but this remains unclear. To clarify the involvement of these factors, it is useful to intervene pharmacologically in the regulatory mechanisms, with a physiologically acceptable exercise model.
Methods: We used a special stress model of treadmill running (aerobic exercise) for male Wistar rats, which mimic the human physiological response, where plasma ACTH levels increase at just above the LT for 30 min. Animals were administered the AVP V1b receptor antagonist SSR149415 (SSR) and/or the CRH type 1 receptor antagonist CP154526 (CP) intraperitoneally before the exercise, which allowed the monitoring of exercise-induced ACTH response. Immunocytochemical evaluation of activated AVP and CRH neurons with exercise was performed for the animals’ hypothalami.
Results: A single injection of either antagonist, SSR or CP, resulted in inhibited ACTH levels after exercise stress. Moreover, the combined injection of SSR and CP strongly suppressed ACTH secretion during treadmill running to a greater extent than each alone. The running-exercise-induced activation of both AVP and CRH neurons in the hypothalamus was also confirmed.
Conclusion: These results lead us to hypothesize that AVP and CRH are cooperatively involved in exercise-induced ACTH response just above the LT. This may also reflect the stress response with moderate-intensity exercise in humans.

A 4-hour Profile of 17-hydroxyprogesterone in Salt-wasting Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Is the Serial Monitoring Strategy Worth the Effort?

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Objective: Since there exists no gold standard laboratory variable for adjustment of treatment in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), we aimed to assess the use of a 4-hour profile of serum 17-OHP to determine the most appropriate time and level of 17-OHP in predicting the metabolic control and evaluate the role of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in hyperandrogenemia.
Methods: This study included 16 children (9 girls,7 boys; median age 7 years) with salt-wasting CAH. Measurements for 17-OHP and cortisol were made from samples obtained before and 1,2,4 hours after the morning dose of hydrocortisone. Patients were designated to have poor metabolic control when androstenedione levels according to age and sex-specific reference intervals were high and annual height SDS changes were ⩾0.5.
Results: Premedication 17-OHP levels were strongly correlated with 17-OHP levels 1, 2, 4 hours after the morning dose (rs=0.929, p<0.01; rs=0.943, p<0.01; rs=0.835, p<0.01, respectively). 17-OHP profiles (0,1,2,4 hours) of poor (n=6) and good (n=10) metabolically controlled cases were similar. Among the patients with poor metabolic control, two cases had 17-OHP levels <2 ng/mL at all times. Remaining patients with poor metabolic control had 17-OHP levels above 104 ng/mL, 82 ng/mL, 14 ng/mL, and 4 ng/mL, for baseline and 1, 2, and 4 hours, respectively. Differences between the poor and well-controlled group were androstenedione levels with respect to upper limit of normal [1.8(1.5) and 0.5(1.5) ng/mL, respectively p=0.03], annual change in height SDS [0.7(0.2) and -0.03(0.8) SDS, respectively, p=0.001], and daily hydrocortisone doses [7 (6) and 16 (8) mg/m2/day, respectively, p=0.02]. Androstenedione and SHBG levels were negatively correlated in the pubertal children (rs=-0.7, p=0.04).
Conclusion: We conclude that (i)a 4-hour 17-OHP profile is not useful in predicting hyperandrogenemia, (ii)suppressed levels of 17-OHP do not always indicate overtreatment, (iii)reference intervals of 17-OHP for different time periods might be of importance, (iv) low hydrocortisone doses should be avoided, (v)SHBG could be used in pubertal children as an indicator of hyperandrogenemia.

Eligibility, Utilization, and Effectiveness of 17-Alpha Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate (17OHPC) in a Statewide Population-Based Cohort of Medicaid Enrollees

Objectives: The primary objective was to estimate the initiation and adherence rates of 17 α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17OHPC) among eligible mothers in a statewide population-based cohort of Medicaid enrollees. The secondary objectives were to (1) determine the association of maternal sociodemographic and clinical characteristics with 17OHPC utilization and (2) assess the real-world effectiveness of 17OHPC on recurrent preterm birth prevention and admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Study design: This is a retrospective cohort study using a linked, longitudinal administrative dataset of birth certificates and medical assistance claims. Medicaid-enrolled mothers in Pennsylvania were included in this study if they had at least one singleton live birth from 2014 to 2016 following at least one spontaneous preterm birth. Maternal Medicaid claims were used to ascertain the use of 17OHPC from various manufacturers, including compounded formulations. Propensity score matching was used to create a covariate balance between 17OHPC treatment and comparison groups.
Results: We identified 4,781 Medicaid-covered 17OHPC-eligible pregnancies from 2014 to 2016 in Pennsylvania, 3.4% of all Medicaid-covered singleton live births. The population-based initiation rate was 28.5% among eligible pregnancies. Among initiators, 50% received ≥16 doses as recommended, while 10% received a single dose only. The severity of previous spontaneous preterm birth was the strongest predictor for the initiation and adherence of 17OHPC. In the matched treatment (n = 1,210) and comparison groups (n = 1,210), we found no evidence of 17OHPC effectiveness. The risks of recurrent preterm birth (relative risk [RR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97-1.24) and births admitted to NICU (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.84-1.18) were similar in treated and comparison mothers.
Conclusion: The 17OHPC-eligible population represented 3.4% of singleton live births. Less than one-third of eligible mothers initiated treatment. Among initiators, 50% were treatment adherent. We found no difference in the risk of recurrent preterm birth or admission to NICU between treatment and comparison groups.

A Possible Mechanism of Action of 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Enhanced IL-10 Production

Objective: The rate of recurrent spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) was reduced by 33% in the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit (MFMU) Network trial of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC), but the mechanism of action, 17 years later, remains elusive. The robustness of the interleukin-10 (IL-10) response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of leukocytes in pregnant women with a prior PTB correlates with gestational age at delivery. This study sought to determine if there is a relationship between the concentration of 17-OHPC and response to LPS stimulation.
Study design: We performed a secondary analysis of data from the Omega-3 MFMU trial which evaluated the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in reducing recurrent PTB. We utilized previously characterized data from a subanalyses of the Omega-3 trial of IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels from peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with LPS. Blood was obtained from enrolled women at 16 to 22 weeks’ gestation (baseline) and 25 to 28 weeks’ gestation (posttreatment). All women received 17-OHPC and plasma 17-OHPC concentrations were measured at 25 to 28 weeks’ gestation. We analyzed these data to determine if there was a relationship between 17-OHPC concentration and cytokine production. We then performed an in vitro study to determine if 17-OHPC could directly alter cytokine production by THP-1-derived macrophages.
Results: In the clinical samples, we found that 17-OHPC plasma concentrations were correlated with the quantity of the LPS-stimulated production of IL-10. TNF-α production after LPS stimulation was unrelated to 17-OHPC concentration. In the in vitro study, we demonstrate a 17-OHPC concentration dependent increase in IL-10 production.
Conclusion: In women receiving 17-OHPC for PTB prevention, we demonstrate a relationship between plasma 17-OHPC and LPS-stimulated IL-10 production by circulating leukocytes. We also demonstrate that, in vitro, 17-OHPC treatment affects IL-10 production by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Collectively, these findings support an immunomodulatory mechanism of action of 17-OHPC in the prevention of recurrent PTB.

HROS Detection Kit
FLAPF100-2 Cell Technology 150 Tests 280 EUR

CAPITAL qPCR Probe Mix HRox, 4× (200 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0501601 Westburg each 144.43 EUR

CAPITAL qPCR Probe Mix HRox, 4× (1000 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0501602 Westburg each 461.62 EUR

CAPITAL qPCR Probe Mix HRox, 4× (4000 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0501603 Westburg each 1656.8 EUR

CAPITAL qPCR Green Mix HRox, 4× (200 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0501901 Westburg each 144.43 EUR

CAPITAL qPCR Green Mix HRox, 4× (1000 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0501902 Westburg each 461.62 EUR

CAPITAL qPCR Green Mix HRox, 4× (4000 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0501903 Westburg each 1656.8 EUR

CAPITAL qRT-PCR Probe Mix HRox, 4× (200 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0502201 Westburg each 259.42 EUR

CAPITAL qRT-PCR Probe Mix HRox, 4× (1000 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0502202 Westburg each 1040.95 EUR

CAPITAL qRT-PCR Probe Mix HRox, 4× (4000 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0502203 Westburg each 3689.65 EUR

CAPITAL qRT-PCR Green Mix HRox, 4× (200 rxn of 20 µl)
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CAPITAL qRT-PCR Green Mix HRox, 4× (1000 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0502502 Westburg each 643.1 EUR

CAPITAL qRT-PCR Green Mix HRox, 4× (4000 rxn of 20 µl)
BRBR0502503 Westburg each 2272.65 EUR

HROB (NM_024032) Human Recombinant Protein
E45H34961M5 EnoGene 20 ug 785.42 EUR

Recombinant Human HROB Protein
E30P05361A EnoGene 50 ug 295 EUR

HROB (NM_024032) Human Recombinant Protein
PROTQ8N3J3 BosterBio 20ug 1249 EUR

HROB (NM_024032) Human Over-expression Lysate
LS078995 BosterBio 100ug 960 EUR

HROB (NM_024032) Human Over-expression Lysate
E45H11883-2 EnoGene each 395 EUR

HROB (NM_001171251) Human Over-expression Lysate
E45H00343-2 EnoGene each 395 EUR

Human Uncharacterized protein C17orf53 (HROB) ELISA Kit
abx508495-96tests Abbexa 96 tests 687.5 EUR

ROBO1 (Roundabout Homolog 1, Deleted in U Twenty Twenty, H-Robo-1, DUTT1) (AP)
MBS6133488-01mL MyBiosource 0.1(mL 875 EUR

ROBO1 (Roundabout Homolog 1, Deleted in U Twenty Twenty, H-Robo-1, DUTT1) (AP)
MBS6133488-5x01mL MyBiosource 5x0.1mL 3800 EUR

ROBO1 (Roundabout Homolog 1, Deleted in U Twenty Twenty, H-Robo-1, DUTT1) (PE)
MBS6160003-01mL MyBiosource 0.1(mL 875 EUR

ROBO1 (Roundabout Homolog 1, Deleted in U Twenty Twenty, H-Robo-1, DUTT1) (PE)
MBS6160003-5x01mL MyBiosource 5x0.1mL 3800 EUR

ROBO1 (Roundabout Homolog 1, Deleted in U Twenty Twenty, H-Robo-1, DUTT1) (HRP)
MBS6154700-01mL MyBiosource 0.1(mL 875 EUR

ROBO1 (Roundabout Homolog 1, Deleted in U Twenty Twenty, H-Robo-1, DUTT1) (HRP)
MBS6154700-5x01mL MyBiosource 5x0.1mL 3800 EUR

In utero exposure to 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate and risk of cancer in offspring

Background: 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC) is a synthetic progestogen initially approved in the 1950s to treat gynecological and obstetrical conditions. Despite repeated concerns of safety and short-term efficacy regarding the use of 17-OHPC for the prevention of preterm birth in pregnant women, little is known about long-term effects of 17-OHPC on health of offspring.
Objective: To examine the association between in utero exposure to 17-OHPC and risk of cancer in offspring.
Study design: The Child Health and Development Studies is a population-based cohort of more than 18,000 mother-child dyads receiving prenatal care in the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan (Oakland, California) between 1959 and 1966. Clinical information was abstracted from mothers’ medical records beginning six months prior to pregnancy through delivery. We identified the number and timing of 17-OHPC injections during pregnancy. Incident cancers diagnosed in offspring were ascertained through 2019 by linkage to the California Cancer Registry. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and their 95% confidence intervals, with follow-up time accrued from date of birth through date of cancer diagnosis, death, or last contact.
Results: 1,008 offspring were diagnosed with cancer over 730,817 person-years of follow-up. About 1.0% of offspring (n=234) were exposed in utero to 17-OHPC. Exposure in the first trimester was associated with increased risk of any cancer (aHR 2.57, 95% CI 1.59, 4.15), and risk increased with number of injections (1-2 injections: aHR 1.80, 95% CI 1.12,2.90; ≥3 injections: aHR 3.07, 95% CI 1.34, 7.05). Exposure in the second or third trimester conferred an additional risk for male (aHR 2.59, 95% CI 1.07, 6.28) but not female (aHR 0.30, 0.04, 1.11) offspring. Risk of colorectal (aHR 5.51, 95% CI 1.73, 17.59), prostate (aHR 5.10, 95% CI 1.24, 21.00), and pediatric brain (aHR 34.72, 95% CI 7.29, 164.33) cancer was higher in offspring first exposed to 17-OHPC in the first trimester compared to offspring not exposed.

Luminex Aries Controls

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The ARIES SARS‑CoV‑2 Assay (EUA) is a real-time PCR-based in vitro diagnostic test that detects SARS‑CoV‑2 nucleic acid in nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) samples. Using the sample-to-answer ARIES System, the ARIES SARS‑CoV‑2 Assay delivers sensitive, rapid results in about two hours.

The ARIES SARS‑CoV‑2 Assay (EUA) offers:

  • Precise Results: A sample-to-answer test that enables targeted SARS‑CoV‑2 detection.
  • Fast Turnaround Time: Minimal hands-on time and an automated workflow deliver results in about two hours.
  • Robust Detection: Exonuclease-sensitive probes for the ORF1ab and N viral genes provide superior specificity.

Performance

The performance of the ARIES SARS‑CoV‑2 Assay was evaluated using blinded and randomized clinical specimens. The results are summarized in the table below.

*A mean Ct was calculated for the specimens where Ct was available.
†Several replicates were negative for the ORF1ab gene, however, the N gene target was detected for these replicates, and the specimens were assigned a positive result.
‡An additional 30 contrived clinical positives and 30 clinical negative specimens were tested using purified SARS-CoV-2 viral genomic RNA (USA_WA1/2020 strain) obtained from World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses (WRCEVA), and there were no changes to the assay performance between the old data and the new.

Radium 223 combined with new hormone therapies for the treatment of castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer: scientific evidence and sharing of our experience.

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Radium 223 combined with new hormone therapies for the treatment of castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer: scientific evidence and sharing of our experience.
Presentation of the attention-grabbing case of a affected person affected by castrate-resistant prostate most cancers (CRPC) with bone metastasis, who obtained concomitant treatment with abiraterone acetate (AA) and radium-223. The affected person skilled important scientific enchancment in his high quality of life and ache aid after starting the aforementioned treatment, with out being affected by opposed toxicities.
Currently, the appropriate choice of sufferers to obtain radium-223 treatment remains to be a scientific problem in the case of CRPC with metastasis. In this text, we talk about the future prospects of this treatment, reviewing present evidence about concomitant therapies with radium-223 and its current state, primarily based upon the current suggestions from the Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee (PRAC), and the knowledge offered in the ERA-223 examine.
Based on our scientific expertise, we offer sensible orientation for the integration of this radiopharmaceutical in the therapeutic plan for this group of sufferers. We conclude, regardless of some of the constructive outcomes and our wonderful expertise, that it will be clever to attend for the outcomes of the scientific trials which are finding out the security and advantages of the combined use of radium-223 with new hormone therapies.
Bearing in thoughts that to this point, the solely revealed large-scale randomised trial that investigated the mixture of AR-axis-targeted remedy with Ra-223 is unfavourable, the harms of the mixture outweighed any advantages in ERA-223. Nonetheless, with a purpose to advocate whether or not or not this treatment must be used, it’s important to outline the affected person profile that would profit from this therapeutic possibility.
Radium 223 combined with new hormone therapies for the treatment of castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer: scientific evidence and sharing of our experience.
Radium 223 combined with new hormone therapies for the treatment of castrate-resistant metastatic prostate most cancers: scientific evidence and sharing of our expertise.

Clinical Response to Apatinib Combined With Brain Radiotherapy in EGFR Wild-Type and ALK-Negative Lung Adenocarcinoma With Multiple Brain Metastases.

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Clinical Response to Apatinib Combined With Brain Radiotherapy in EGFR Wild-Type and ALK-Negative Lung Adenocarcinoma With Multiple Brain Metastases.

Background: Brain radiotherapy is the usual remedy possibility for a number of mind metastases (BMs) from non-small cell lung most cancers (NSCLC), particularly in the absence of a driver mutation. However, the prognosis for such sufferers stays poor. Apatinib is a potent antiangiogenic compound directed on the vascular endothelial progress issue receptor-2 (VEGFR-2); nevertheless, to date, there are not any investigations of apatinib concurrent with mind radiotherapy for NSCLC sufferers with BMs.

We report a case of EGFR wild-type and ALK-negative lung adenocarcinoma affected person with a number of symptomatic BMs, who obtained apatinib along with mind radiation remedy. A positive oncologic consequence was achieved for each mind metastatic lesions and the first pulmonary tumor. Case Presentation: A 61-year-old feminine (by no means smoker) who initially offered with headache and dizziness was recognized with lung adenocarcinoma with a number of mind metastasis (cT2aN3M1b stage IV), and was unfavorable for EGFR and ALK.

The affected person refused to obtain chemotherapy and was solely amenable to mind radiotherapy and focused remedy. After approval from the institutional ethics committee, she underwent concurrent oral apatinib (500 mg/day) with complete mind radiation remedy (WBRT) (37.5Gy) with simultaneous in-field increase (49.5Gy) in 15 fractions with picture guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

Three weeks later, neurologic signs totally ceased and a partial response (PR) for the BMs with near-complete decision of peritumoral mind edema was achieved. Chest CT carried out on the identical time and confirmed shrinkage of the lung main with a PR.

The affected person suffered grade III oral mucositis one week after mind radiotherapy and refused additional apatinib. At 12 months after mind radiotherapy, the mind tumors remained properly managed. Conclusions: This is the primary identified documentation of a speedy medical response of apatinib concurrent with mind radiotherapy in a lung adenocarcinoma affected person with symptomatic a number of BMs. Apatinib mixed with mind radiotherapy could possibly be another remedy possibility for BMs from NSCLC, particularly for these with no driver mutation. Further medical trials are required to corroborate this discovery.

Clinical Response to Apatinib Combined With Brain Radiotherapy in EGFR Wild-Type and ALK-Negative Lung Adenocarcinoma With Multiple Brain Metastases.
Clinical Response to Apatinib Combined With Brain Radiotherapy in EGFR Wild-Type and ALK-Negative Lung Adenocarcinoma With Multiple Brain Metastases.

Pattern of Pediatric Supracondylar Fracture Operated at A Rural Teaching Hospital of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Supracondylar fracture of humerus is likely one of the frequent pediatric fractures encountered in our every day medical observe. The goal of this examine is to decide the sample of supracondylar fracture operated at rural educating hospital of Jumla, Karnali Nepal.A descriptive cross sectional examine was carried out at Jumla, Karnali after Institutional Review Committee approval.

Operating room notes from 15 May 2017 to 16 November 2019 had been retrieved to collect the next data: sufferers tackle, age, intercourse, aspect, harm mechanism, displacement, neurovascular harm, concurrent accidents, preliminary administration by conventional bone setters, time between harm and surgical procedure, operative method.

CARD15/NOD2
MBS8577235-01mLAF610 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF610) 565 EUR

CARD15/NOD2
MBS8577235-01mLAF635 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF635) 565 EUR

NOD2 Peptide
45-973P ProSci 0.1 mg 405.6 EUR
Description: (IN) CARD15 / NOD2 Peptide

NOD2 Peptide
2513P ProSci 0.05 mg 197.7 EUR
Description: (CT) NOD2 peptide

NOD2 Peptide
2511P ProSci 0.05 mg 197.7 EUR
Description: (NT) NOD2 peptide

NOD2 Peptide
MBS151914-005mg MyBiosource 0.05mg 175 EUR

NOD2 Peptide
MBS151914-5x005mg MyBiosource 5x0.05mg 770 EUR

NOD2 Peptide
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NOD2 Peptide
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NOD2 Antibody
37460 SAB 100ul 319 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
37460-100ul SAB 100ul 302.4 EUR

NOD2 antibody
70R-18913 Fitzgerald 50 ul 289 EUR
Description: Rabbit polyclonal NOD2 antibody

NOD2 Antibody
24158 SAB 100ul 479 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
24158-100ul SAB 100ul 468 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
24159 SAB 100ul 479 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
24159-100ul SAB 100ul 468 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
2511-002mg ProSci 0.02 mg 206.18 EUR
Description: NOD2 Antibody: Apaf-1 and NOD1 are members of a new family, which are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and immune response. Each of them contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD). A third member in this family was recently identified and designated NOD2. NOD2 interacts with RICK via a homophilic CARD-CARD interaction. NOD2 activates NF-κB, which is regulated by its carboxy-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain that acts as an intracellular receptor for components of bacteria. The variants of NOD2, either a frameshift or a missense, were associated with Crohn's disease that is a main type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

NOD2 Antibody
2511-01mg ProSci 0.1 mg 523.7 EUR
Description: NOD2 Antibody: Apaf-1 and NOD1 are members of a new family, which are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and immune response. Each of them contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD). A third member in this family was recently identified and designated NOD2. NOD2 interacts with RICK via a homophilic CARD-CARD interaction. NOD2 activates NF-κB, which is regulated by its carboxy-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain that acts as an intracellular receptor for components of bacteria. The variants of NOD2, either a frameshift or a missense, were associated with Crohn's disease that is a main type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

NOD2 Antibody
2513-002mg ProSci 0.02 mg 206.18 EUR
Description: NOD2 Antibody: Apaf-1 and NOD1 are members of a new family, which are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and immune response. Each of them contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD). A third member in this family was recently identified and designated NOD2. NOD2 interacts with RICK via a homophilic CARD-CARD interaction. NOD2 activates NF-κB, which is regulated by its carboxy-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain that acts as an intracellular receptor for components of bacteria. The variants of NOD2, either a frameshift or a missense, were associated with Crohn's disease that is a main type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

NOD2 Antibody
2513-01mg ProSci 0.1 mg 523.7 EUR
Description: NOD2 Antibody: Apaf-1 and NOD1 are members of a new family, which are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and immune response. Each of them contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD). A third member in this family was recently identified and designated NOD2. NOD2 interacts with RICK via a homophilic CARD-CARD interaction. NOD2 activates NF-κB, which is regulated by its carboxy-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain that acts as an intracellular receptor for components of bacteria. The variants of NOD2, either a frameshift or a missense, were associated with Crohn's disease that is a main type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

Nod2 antibody
10R-6553 Fitzgerald 100 ug 218 EUR
Description: Rat monoclonal Nod2 antibody

NOD2 Antibody
1-CSB-PA876985 Cusabio
  • Ask for price
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  • 50ul
  • 100ul
Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC;ELISA:1:1000-1:2000, IHC:1:25-1:100

NOD2 Antibody
1-CSB-PA881021LA01HU Cusabio
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  • 100ug
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Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC, IF; Recommended dilution: IHC:1:20-1:200, IF:1:50-1:200

NOD2 Antibody
DF12125 Affbiotech 200ul 420 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
DF12125-100ul Affinity Biosciences 100ul 168 EUR
Description: WB,IHC,IF/ICC

NOD2 Antibody
DF12125-200ul Affinity Biosciences 200ul 210 EUR
Description: WB,IHC,IF/ICC

NOD2 Antibody
1-CSB-PA015915GA01HU Cusabio
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  • 50ul
  • 150ul
Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB

NOD2 Antibody
CSB-PA732277ZA01BO-02mg Cusabio 0.2mg Ask for price
Description: Recombinant Bos taurus NOD2 protein

NOD2 Antibody
CSB-PA732277ZA01BO-10mg Cusabio 10mg Ask for price
Description: Recombinant Bos taurus NOD2 protein

NOD2 Antibody
1-CSB-PA446192 Cusabio
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  • 50ul
  • 100ul
Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC;ELISA:1:2000-1:5000, IHC:1:50-1:200

NOD2 Antibody
E037460 EnoGene 100μg/100μl 255 EUR
Description: Available in various conjugation types.

NOD2 Antibody
E91323 EnoGene 100ul 255 EUR
Description: Available in various conjugation types.

NOD2 Antibody
MBS150770-01mg MyBiosource 0.1mg 445 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS150770-5x01mg MyBiosource 5x0.1mg 1965 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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NOD2 Antibody
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Nod2 antibody
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Nod2 antibody
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Nod2 antibody
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NOD2 Rabbit pAb
A15992 Abclonal 500μL 173.58 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
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NOD2 Rabbit pAb
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NOD2 Rabbit pAb
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NOD2 Rabbit pAb
E2861510 EnoGene 100ul 225 EUR
Description: Biotin-Conjugated, FITC-Conjugated , AF350 Conjugated , AF405M-Conjugated ,AF488-Conjugated, AF514-Conjugated ,AF532-Conjugated, AF555-Conjugated ,AF568-Conjugated , HRP-Conjugated, AF405S-Conjugated, AF405L-Conjugated , AF546-Conjugated, AF594-Conjugated , AF610-Conjugated, AF635-Conjugated , AF647-Conjugated , AF680-Conjugated , AF700-Conjugated , AF750-Conjugated , AF790-Conjugated , APC-Conjugated , PE-Conjugated , Cy3-Conjugated , Cy5-Conjugated , Cy5.5-Conjugated , Cy7-Conjugated Antibody

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
E2161510 EnoGene 100ul 225 EUR
Description: Biotin-Conjugated, FITC-Conjugated , AF350 Conjugated , AF405M-Conjugated ,AF488-Conjugated, AF514-Conjugated ,AF532-Conjugated, AF555-Conjugated ,AF568-Conjugated , HRP-Conjugated, AF405S-Conjugated, AF405L-Conjugated , AF546-Conjugated, AF594-Conjugated , AF610-Conjugated, AF635-Conjugated , AF647-Conjugated , AF680-Conjugated , AF700-Conjugated , AF750-Conjugated , AF790-Conjugated , APC-Conjugated , PE-Conjugated , Cy3-Conjugated , Cy5-Conjugated , Cy5.5-Conjugated , Cy7-Conjugated Antibody

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
E45R22585N EnoGene 50 ul 297.75 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
MBS9142141-002mL MyBiosource 0.02mL 200 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
MBS9142141-005mL MyBiosource 0.05mL 255 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
MBS9142141-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 345 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
MBS9142141-02mL MyBiosource 0.2mL 545 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
MBS9142141-5x02mL MyBiosource 5x0.2mL 2265 EUR

Human NOD2 siRNA
20-abx926111 Abbexa
  • Ask for price
  • Ask for price
  • 15 nmol
  • 30 nmol

NOD2 siRNA (Human)
MBS8224622-15nmol MyBiosource 15nmol 405 EUR

NOD2 siRNA (Human)
MBS8224622-30nmol MyBiosource 30nmol 565 EUR

NOD2 siRNA (Human)
MBS8224622-5x30nmol MyBiosource 5x30nmol 2450 EUR

NOD2 antagonist 1
HY-147506 MedChemExpress Get quote Ask for price
Description: NOD2 antagonist 1 (compound 32) is a potent and selective NOD2 antagonist with an IC50 of 5.23 μM. NOD2 antagonist 1 inhibits Muramyl dipeptide (MDP)-induced IL-8 secretion in THP-1 cells and inhibits MDP-induced IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α release in PBMCs[1].

NOD2 antagonist 1
T63088-10mg TargetMol Chemicals 10mg Ask for price
Description: NOD2 antagonist 1

NOD2 antagonist 1
T63088-1g TargetMol Chemicals 1g Ask for price
Description: NOD2 antagonist 1

NOD2 antagonist 1
T63088-1mg TargetMol Chemicals 1mg Ask for price
Description: NOD2 antagonist 1

NOD2 antagonist 1
T63088-50mg TargetMol Chemicals 50mg Ask for price
Description: NOD2 antagonist 1

NOD2 antagonist 1
T63088-5mg TargetMol Chemicals 5mg Ask for price
Description: NOD2 antagonist 1

NOD2 Blocking Peptide
DF12125-BP Affbiotech 1mg 234 EUR

NOD2 Blocking Peptide
MBS9620830-1mg MyBiosource 1mg 380 EUR

NOD2 Blocking Peptide
MBS9620830-5x1mg MyBiosource 5x1mg 1650 EUR

Polyclonal NOD2 Antibody
APR06297G Leading Biology 0.1 mg 790.8 EUR
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human NOD2 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:

Polyclonal NOD2 Antibody
APR06298G Leading Biology 0.1 mg 790.8 EUR
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human NOD2 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:

NOD2 polyclonal antibody
BS67780 Bioworld Biotech 50ul 275 EUR
Description: Liquid in 0.42% Potassium phosphate, 0.87% Sodium chloride, pH 7.3, 30% glycerol, and 0.01% sodium azide.

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
E-AB-91396-120uL Elabscience Biotech 120uL 320 EUR
Description: Unconjugated

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
E-AB-91396-200uL Elabscience Biotech 200uL 530 EUR
Description: Unconjugated

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
E-AB-91396-60uL Elabscience Biotech 60uL 200 EUR
Description: Unconjugated

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
E-AB-91396-each Elabscience Biotech each Ask for price
Description: Unconjugated

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
E-AB-13109-120uL Elabscience Biotech 120uL 240 EUR
Description: Unconjugated

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
E-AB-13109-200uL Elabscience Biotech 200uL 399 EUR
Description: Unconjugated

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
E-AB-13109-20uL Elabscience Biotech 20uL 73 EUR
Description: Unconjugated

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
E-AB-13109-60uL Elabscience Biotech 60uL 143 EUR
Description: Unconjugated

NOD2 Conjugated Antibody
C37460 SAB 100ul 476.4 EUR

NOD2 polyclonal antibody
BS76591 Bioworld Biotech 50ul 358 EUR
Description: 1mg/ml in PBS with 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol, pH7.2

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
E915992 EnoGene 100ul 225 EUR
Description: Available in various conjugation types.

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS2527899-002mL MyBiosource 0.02mL 140 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS2527899-006mL MyBiosource 0.06mL 180 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS2527899-012mL MyBiosource 0.12mL 260 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS2527899-02mL MyBiosource 0.2mL 405 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS2528827-002mL MyBiosource 0.02mL 135 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS2528827-006mL MyBiosource 0.06mL 190 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS2528827-012mL MyBiosource 0.12mL 265 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS2528827-02mL MyBiosource 0.2mL 415 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS2528827-5x02mL MyBiosource 5x0.2mL 1835 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS8570672-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 305 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS8570672-01mLAF405L MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF405L) 565 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS8570672-01mLAF405S MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF405S) 565 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS8570672-01mLAF610 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF610) 565 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
MBS8570672-01mLAF635 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF635) 565 EUR

NOD2 Conjugated Antibody
MBS9447900-01mLAF350 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF350) 480 EUR

NOD2 Conjugated Antibody
MBS9447900-01mLAF405 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF405) 480 EUR

NOD2 Conjugated Antibody
MBS9447900-01mLAF488 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF488) 480 EUR

NOD2 Conjugated Antibody
MBS9447900-01mLAF555 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF555) 480 EUR

NOD2 Conjugated Antibody
MBS9447900-01mLBiotin MyBiosource 0.1mL(Biotin) 480 EUR

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
RD76743A-120uL Reddot Biotech 120μL 360 EUR
Description: This gene is a member of the Nod1/Apaf-1 family and encodes a protein with two caspase recruitment (CARD) domains and six leucine-rich repeats (LRRs). The protein is primarily expressed in the peripheral blood leukocytes. It plays a role in the immune response to intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) by recognizing the muramyl dipeptide (MDP) derived from them and activating the NFKB protein. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Crohn disease and Blau syndrome.

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
RD76743A-200uL Reddot Biotech 200μL 630 EUR
Description: This gene is a member of the Nod1/Apaf-1 family and encodes a protein with two caspase recruitment (CARD) domains and six leucine-rich repeats (LRRs). The protein is primarily expressed in the peripheral blood leukocytes. It plays a role in the immune response to intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) by recognizing the muramyl dipeptide (MDP) derived from them and activating the NFKB protein. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Crohn disease and Blau syndrome.

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
RD76743A-20uL Reddot Biotech 20μL 109.5 EUR
Description: This gene is a member of the Nod1/Apaf-1 family and encodes a protein with two caspase recruitment (CARD) domains and six leucine-rich repeats (LRRs). The protein is primarily expressed in the peripheral blood leukocytes. It plays a role in the immune response to intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) by recognizing the muramyl dipeptide (MDP) derived from them and activating the NFKB protein. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Crohn disease and Blau syndrome.

NOD2 Polyclonal Antibody
RD76743A-60uL Reddot Biotech 60μL 214.5 EUR
Description: This gene is a member of the Nod1/Apaf-1 family and encodes a protein with two caspase recruitment (CARD) domains and six leucine-rich repeats (LRRs). The protein is primarily expressed in the peripheral blood leukocytes. It plays a role in the immune response to intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) by recognizing the muramyl dipeptide (MDP) derived from them and activating the NFKB protein. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Crohn disease and Blau syndrome.

NOD2 (untagged)-Human nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2)
SC305010 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

Human NOD2 ELISA KIT
ELI-23582h Lifescience Market 96 Tests 988.8 EUR

Mouse Nod2 ELISA KIT
ELI-44123m Lifescience Market 96 Tests 1038 EUR

NOD2 ELISA KIT|Human
EF001273 Lifescience Market 96 Tests 826.8 EUR

NOD2, Human, mAb hNOD2.017
MBS584763-01mg MyBiosource 0.1mg 660 EUR

NOD2, Human, mAb hNOD2.017
MBS584763-05mg MyBiosource 0.5mg 1695 EUR

NOD2, Human, mAb hNOD2.017
MBS584763-1mg MyBiosource 1mg 2370 EUR

NOD2, Human, mAb hNOD2.017
MBS584763-5mg MyBiosource 5mg 7845 EUR

Bovine NOD2 ELISA KIT
ELI-22273b Lifescience Market 96 Tests 1113.6 EUR

NOD2 Antibody (C-term)
GWB-949D66 GenWay Biotech 0.05 mg Ask for price

NOD2 Antibody (C-term)
GWB-B15211 GenWay Biotech 0.1 mg Ask for price

Human NOD2 shRNA Plasmid
20-abx961935 Abbexa
  • Ask for price
  • Ask for price
  • 150 µg
  • 300 µg

Human NOD2 Protein Lysate
MBS8416124-002mg MyBiosource 0.02mg 545 EUR

Human NOD2 Protein Lysate
MBS8416124-5x002mg MyBiosource 5x0.02mg 2225 EUR

TLR2 & NOD2-Based Adjuvant
VAdv-Ly0016 Creative Biolabs 5 mg 4016.4 EUR
Description: A TLR2 & NOD2-based vaccine adjuvant.

NOD2 Antibody, HRP conjugated
1-CSB-PA881021LB01HU Cusabio
  • Ask for price
  • Ask for price
  • 100ug
  • 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

NOD2 Antibody, HRP conjugated
MBS7051337-005mg MyBiosource 0.05mg 190 EUR

NOD2 Antibody, HRP conjugated
MBS7051337-01mg MyBiosource 0.1mg 270 EUR

NOD2 Antibody, HRP conjugated
MBS7051337-5x01mg MyBiosource 5x0.1mg 1205 EUR

NOD2 Antibody, FITC conjugated
1-CSB-PA881021LC01HU Cusabio
  • Ask for price
  • Ask for price
  • 100ug
  • 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

NOD2 Antibody, FITC conjugated
MBS7051338-005mg MyBiosource 0.05mg 190 EUR

NOD2 Antibody, FITC conjugated
MBS7051338-01mg MyBiosource 0.1mg 270 EUR

NOD2 Antibody, FITC conjugated
MBS7051338-5x01mg MyBiosource 5x0.1mg 1205 EUR

CARD15 / NOD2 Immunizing Peptide
MBS426509-01mg MyBiosource 0.1mg 225 EUR

OACA10693-50UG - NOD2 Antibody
OACA10693-50UG Aviva Systems Biology 50ug 179 EUR

Nod2 (untagged) - Mouse nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (Nod2), (10ug)
MC223222 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

NOD2 (GFP-tagged) - Human nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2)
RG215750 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

NOD2 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
54121 SAB 100ul 439 EUR

NOD2 Antibody, Biotin conjugated
1-CSB-PA881021LD01HU Cusabio
  • Ask for price
  • Ask for price
  • 100ug
  • 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

NOD2 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
E10G04737 EnoGene 100 μl 275 EUR
Description: Biotin-Conjugated, FITC-Conjugated , AF350 Conjugated , AF405M-Conjugated ,AF488-Conjugated, AF514-Conjugated ,AF532-Conjugated, AF555-Conjugated ,AF568-Conjugated , HRP-Conjugated, AF405S-Conjugated, AF405L-Conjugated , AF546-Conjugated, AF594-Conjugated , AF610-Conjugated, AF635-Conjugated , AF647-Conjugated , AF680-Conjugated , AF700-Conjugated , AF750-Conjugated , AF790-Conjugated , APC-Conjugated , PE-Conjugated , Cy3-Conjugated , Cy5-Conjugated , Cy5.5-Conjugated , Cy7-Conjugated Antibody

NOD2 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
E10G11622 EnoGene 100 μl 275 EUR
Description: Biotin-Conjugated, FITC-Conjugated , AF350 Conjugated , AF405M-Conjugated ,AF488-Conjugated, AF514-Conjugated ,AF532-Conjugated, AF555-Conjugated ,AF568-Conjugated , HRP-Conjugated, AF405S-Conjugated, AF405L-Conjugated , AF546-Conjugated, AF594-Conjugated , AF610-Conjugated, AF635-Conjugated , AF647-Conjugated , AF680-Conjugated , AF700-Conjugated , AF750-Conjugated , AF790-Conjugated , APC-Conjugated , PE-Conjugated , Cy3-Conjugated , Cy5-Conjugated , Cy5.5-Conjugated , Cy7-Conjugated Antibody

NOD2 Antibody, Biotin conjugated
MBS7051339-005mg MyBiosource 0.05mg 190 EUR

NOD2 Antibody, Biotin conjugated
MBS7051339-01mg MyBiosource 0.1mg 270 EUR

NOD2 Antibody, Biotin conjugated
MBS7051339-5x01mg MyBiosource 5x0.1mg 1205 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
MBS9465336-005mL MyBiosource 0.05mL 300 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
MBS9465336-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 390 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
MBS9465336-5x01mL MyBiosource 5x0.1mL 1610 EUR

OACA10693-100UG - NOD2 Antibody
OACA10693-100UG Aviva Systems Biology 100ug 319 EUR

OAPB00158-100UG - NOD2 Antibody
OAPB00158-100UG Aviva Systems Biology 0.1mg 389 EUR

Rabbit Polyclonal NOD2 Antibody
TA336664 Origene Technologies GmbH 100 µl Ask for price

Rabbit Polyclonal NOD2 Antibody
TA306091 Origene Technologies GmbH 100 µg Ask for price

Rabbit Polyclonal NOD2 Antibody
TA306092 Origene Technologies GmbH 100 µg Ask for price

Nod2 (GFP-tagged) - Mouse nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (Nod2), (10ug)
MG227102 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

Nod2 (Myc-DDK-tagged) - Mouse nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (Nod2)
MR227102 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

NOD2 (Myc-DDK-tagged)-Human nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2)
RC215750 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

Nod2 ORF Vector (Rat) (pORF)
ORF071395 ABM 1.0 ug DNA 607.2 EUR

NOD2 ORF Vector (Human) (pORF)
ORF026166 ABM 1.0 ug DNA 486 EUR

Nod2 ORF Vector (Mouse) (pORF)
ORF051499 ABM 1.0 ug DNA 607.2 EUR

Human NOD2 knockout cell line
ABC-KH10202 AcceGen 1 vial Ask for price
Description: Human NOD2 knockout cell line is HEK293/HeLa cell line, edited by CRISPR/Cas9 technology.

Human NOD2 knockdown cell line
ABC-KD10202 AcceGen 1 vial Ask for price
Description: Human NOD2 knockdown cell line is engineered by our optimized transduction of the specific shRNA with lentivirus. Knockdown levels are determined via qRT-PCR. Gentaur offers generation of stable knockdown (RNAi) cell lines expressing shRNAs targeting genes of your interest.

Human NOD2 Protein Lysate 20ug
IHUNOD2PLLY20UG Innovative research each 361 EUR
Description: Human NOD2 Protein Lysate 20ug

NOD2 ELISA Kit (Human) (OKAN06319)
OKAN06319 Aviva Systems Biology 96 Wells 950.4 EUR
Description: Description of target: This gene is a member of the Nod1/Apaf-1 family and encodes a protein with two caspase recruitment (CARD) domains and six leucine-rich repeats (LRRs). The protein is primarily expressed in the peripheral blood leukocytes. It plays a role in the immune response to intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) by recognizing the muramyl dipeptide (MDP) derived from them and activating the NFKB protein. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Crohn disease and Blau syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 0.055 ng/mL

NOD2 ELISA Kit (Human) (OKCD02031)
OKCD02031 Aviva Systems Biology 96 Wells 997.2 EUR
Description: Description of target: Involved in gastrointestinal immunity. Upon stimulation by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan, binds the proximal adapter receptor-interacting RIPK2, which recruits ubiquitin ligases as XIAP, BIRC2, BIRC3 and the LUBAC complex, triggering activation of MAP kinases and activation of NF-kappa-B signaling. This in turn leads to the transcriptional activation of hundreds of genes involved in immune response. Required for MDP-induced NLRP1-dependent CASP1 activation and IL1B release in macrophages.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: < 0.055 ng/mL

NOD2 ELISA Kit (Mouse) (OKCA01740)
OKCA01740 Aviva Systems Biology 96 Wells 1015.2 EUR
Description: Description of target: Involved in gastrointestinal immunity. Upon stimulation by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan, binds the proximal adapter receptor-interacting RIPK2, which recruits ubiquitin ligases as XIAP, BIRC2, BIRC3 and the LUBAC complex, triggering activation of MAP kinases and activation of NF-kappa-B signaling. This in turn leads to the transcriptional activation of hundreds of genes involved in immune response (PubMed:22607974). Required for MDP-induced NLRP1-dependent CASP1 activation and IL1B release in macrophages (PubMed:18511561).;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sanadwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 3.9 pg/mL

NOD2 ELISA Kit (Human) (OKCA02128)
OKCA02128 Aviva Systems Biology 96 Wells 999.6 EUR
Description: Description of target: Involved in gastrointestinal immunity. Upon stimulation by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan, binds the proximal adapter receptor-interacting RIPK2, which recruits ubiquitin ligases as XIAP, BIRC2, BIRC3 and the LUBAC complex, triggering activation of MAP kinases and activation of NF-kappa-B signaling. This in turn leads to the transcriptional activation of hundreds of genes involved in immune response. Required for MDP-induced NLRP1-dependent CASP1 activation and IL1B release in macrophages.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 6.25 pg/mL

CARD15 (NOD2) (NM_022162) Human Recombinant Protein
E45H30194E1 EnoGene 50 ug 527.58 EUR

Nod2 (untagged ORF) - Rat nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (Nod2), (10 ug)
RN215677 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

Polyclonal Antibody to NOD2 (Card15)
MBS668737-005mL MyBiosource 0.05mL 360 EUR

Polyclonal Antibody to NOD2 (Card15)
MBS668737-5x005mL MyBiosource 5x0.05mL 1600 EUR

OCOA08638-20UG - NOD2 Protein Lysate
OCOA08638-20UG Aviva Systems Biology 20ug 269 EUR

Anti-CARD15 / NOD2 (Internal) antibody
STJ70992 St John's Laboratory 100 µg 430.8 EUR

NOD2 (untagged) - Human nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2), transcript variant 2
SC337777 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

CARD15 (NOD2) (NM_022162) Human Over-expression Lysate
E45H11668-2 EnoGene each 395 EUR

CARD15 (NOD2) (NM_022162) Human Over-expression Lysate
LS064127 BosterBio 100ug 960 EUR
Description: Transient overexpression lysate of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2)

OKCD02031-96W - NOD2 ELISA Kit (Human)
OKCD02031-96W Aviva Systems Biology 96Wells 675 EUR

Nod2 (Myc-DDK-tagged ORF) - Rat nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (Nod2), (10 ug)
RR215677 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

Nod2 sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector set (Rat)
K6718501 ABM 3 x 1.0 ug 406.8 EUR

Rabbit Polyclonal to Human NOD2 / CARD15
MBS242180-005mg MyBiosource 0.05mg 715 EUR

Rabbit Polyclonal to Human NOD2 / CARD15
MBS242180-5x005mg MyBiosource 5x0.05mg 3035 EUR

Lenti ORF clone of Nod2 (mGFP-tagged) - Mouse nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (Nod2)
MR227102L4 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

NOD2 sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector set (Human)
K1438601 ABM 3 x 1.0 ug 406.8 EUR

Nod2 sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector set (Mouse)
K4411601 ABM 3 x 1.0 ug 406.8 EUR

Lenti-ORF clone of NOD2 (mGFP-tagged)-Human nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2)
RC215750L2 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

Lenti-ORF clone of NOD2 (mGFP-tagged)-Human nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2)
RC215750L4 Origene Technologies GmbH 10 µg Ask for price

Data evaluation was performed utilizing Statistical Package for Social Sciences model 20.Left aspect predominated with 88 (63.7%) and extension kind was frequent in 135 (97.8%). Thirteen (9.4%) sufferers had been initially managed by conventional bonesetters. A complete of 138 kids underwent operative fixation with imply age of seven.47 years and gender ratio of two:1 boy to woman.

Fall from cliff, ladders and rooftops had been the prevailing explanation for harm 73 (52.8%). Average time between harm and surgical procedure was 5.2 days. Closed discount was performed in 100 (72.4%) sufferers whereas open discount was crucial in 38 (27.5%) sufferers.Closed extension kind pediatric supracondylar fracture was frequent in this examine. Fall from cliff, rooftop and ladder are the most important explanation for fracture. Delayed presentation and preliminary administration of the fracture by the standard bonesetters makes supracondylar fracture tougher in useful resource restricted setting like ours.

Patterns of Metastasis in Merkel Cell Carcinoma.

by
Patterns of Metastasis in Merkel Cell Carcinoma.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a cutaneous neuroendocrine malignancy with a propensity for regional and distant unfold. Because of the relative infrequency of this illness, the patterns of metastasis in MCC are understudied.Patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer (eighth version) stage I-IV MCC handled at our establishment were recognized (1/1/2008-2/28/2018). The first web site of metastasis was categorized as regional [regional lymph node (LN) basin, in-transit] or distant. Distant metastasis-free (DMFS) and MCC-specific (MSS) survival have been estimated.

Results

Of 133 sufferers, 64 (48%) had stage I, 13 (10%) stage II, 48 (36%) stage III, and eight (6%) stage IV illness at presentation. The median follow-up time in sufferers who remained alive was 36 (interquartile vary 20-66) months. Regional or distant metastases developed in 78 (59%) sufferers. The first web site was regional in 87%, together with 73% with remoted LN involvement, and distant in 13%. Thirty-seven (28%) sufferers ultimately developed distant illness, which mostly concerned the belly viscera (51%) and distant LNs (46%) first.

The lung (0%) and mind (3%) have been not often the primary distant websites. Stage III MCC at presentation was considerably related to worse DMFS (hazard ratio 4.87, P = 0.001) and stage IV illness with worse MSS (hazard ratio 6.30, P = 0.002).Regional LN metastasis is the commonest first metastatic occasion in MCC, confirming the significance of nodal analysis. Distant illness unfold seems to have a predilection for sure websites. Understanding these patterns might assist to information surveillance methods.

Patterns of Metastasis in Merkel Cell Carcinoma.
Patterns of Metastasis in Merkel Cell Carcinoma.

Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) related to extreme acute pancreatitis: Case report on three relations.

Abdominal ache is one of the recognized signs related to coronavirus illness 2019. Little is thought in regards to the growth of acute pancreatitis as a complication of extreme acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 an infection. This case report describes the presentation of acute pancreatitis in two of three relations with extreme COVID-19 an infection.

Data have been collected from three relations admitted with COVID-19 to the intensive care unit in March 2020. This research was reviewed and accepted by the native information and ethics committee (31-1521-253).

CARD15/NOD2
MBS8577235-01mLAF610 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF610) 565 EUR

CARD15/NOD2
MBS8577235-01mLAF635 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF635) 565 EUR

NOD2 Peptide
2511P ProSci 0.05 mg 197.7 EUR
Description: (NT) NOD2 peptide

NOD2 Peptide
2513P ProSci 0.05 mg 197.7 EUR
Description: (CT) NOD2 peptide

NOD2 Peptide
45-973P ProSci 0.1 mg 405.6 EUR
Description: (IN) CARD15 / NOD2 Peptide

NOD2 Peptide
MBS151914-005mg MyBiosource 0.05mg 175 EUR

NOD2 Peptide
MBS151914-5x005mg MyBiosource 5x0.05mg 770 EUR

NOD2 Peptide
MBS152977-005mg MyBiosource 0.05mg 175 EUR

NOD2 Peptide
MBS152977-5x005mg MyBiosource 5x0.05mg 770 EUR

NOD2 antibody
70R-18913 Fitzgerald 50 ul 289 EUR
Description: Rabbit polyclonal NOD2 antibody

NOD2 Antibody
2511-002mg ProSci 0.02 mg 206.18 EUR
Description: NOD2 Antibody: Apaf-1 and NOD1 are members of a new family, which are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and immune response. Each of them contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD). A third member in this family was recently identified and designated NOD2. NOD2 interacts with RICK via a homophilic CARD-CARD interaction. NOD2 activates NF-κB, which is regulated by its carboxy-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain that acts as an intracellular receptor for components of bacteria. The variants of NOD2, either a frameshift or a missense, were associated with Crohn's disease that is a main type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

NOD2 Antibody
2511-01mg ProSci 0.1 mg 523.7 EUR
Description: NOD2 Antibody: Apaf-1 and NOD1 are members of a new family, which are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and immune response. Each of them contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD). A third member in this family was recently identified and designated NOD2. NOD2 interacts with RICK via a homophilic CARD-CARD interaction. NOD2 activates NF-κB, which is regulated by its carboxy-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain that acts as an intracellular receptor for components of bacteria. The variants of NOD2, either a frameshift or a missense, were associated with Crohn's disease that is a main type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

NOD2 Antibody
2513-002mg ProSci 0.02 mg 206.18 EUR
Description: NOD2 Antibody: Apaf-1 and NOD1 are members of a new family, which are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and immune response. Each of them contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD). A third member in this family was recently identified and designated NOD2. NOD2 interacts with RICK via a homophilic CARD-CARD interaction. NOD2 activates NF-κB, which is regulated by its carboxy-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain that acts as an intracellular receptor for components of bacteria. The variants of NOD2, either a frameshift or a missense, were associated with Crohn's disease that is a main type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

NOD2 Antibody
2513-01mg ProSci 0.1 mg 523.7 EUR
Description: NOD2 Antibody: Apaf-1 and NOD1 are members of a new family, which are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and immune response. Each of them contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD). A third member in this family was recently identified and designated NOD2. NOD2 interacts with RICK via a homophilic CARD-CARD interaction. NOD2 activates NF-κB, which is regulated by its carboxy-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain that acts as an intracellular receptor for components of bacteria. The variants of NOD2, either a frameshift or a missense, were associated with Crohn's disease that is a main type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

Nod2 antibody
10R-6553 Fitzgerald 100 ug 218 EUR
Description: Rat monoclonal Nod2 antibody

NOD2 Antibody
24158 SAB 100ul 479 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
24158-100ul SAB 100ul 468 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
24159 SAB 100ul 479 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
24159-100ul SAB 100ul 468 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
37460 SAB 100ul 319 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
37460-100ul SAB 100ul 302.4 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
DF12125 Affbiotech 200ul 420 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
DF12125-100ul Affinity Biosciences 100ul 168 EUR
Description: WB,IHC,IF/ICC

NOD2 Antibody
DF12125-200ul Affinity Biosciences 200ul 210 EUR
Description: WB,IHC,IF/ICC

NOD2 Antibody
1-CSB-PA015915GA01HU Cusabio
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  • 50ul
  • 150ul
Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB

NOD2 Antibody
1-CSB-PA876985 Cusabio
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  • 50ul
  • 100ul
Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC;ELISA:1:1000-1:2000, IHC:1:25-1:100

NOD2 Antibody
1-CSB-PA881021LA01HU Cusabio
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  • 100ug
  • 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC, IF; Recommended dilution: IHC:1:20-1:200, IF:1:50-1:200

NOD2 Antibody
CSB-PA732277ZA01BO-02mg Cusabio 0.2mg Ask for price
Description: Recombinant Bos taurus NOD2 protein

NOD2 Antibody
CSB-PA732277ZA01BO-10mg Cusabio 10mg Ask for price
Description: Recombinant Bos taurus NOD2 protein

NOD2 Antibody
1-CSB-PA446192 Cusabio
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  • 50ul
  • 100ul
Description: A polyclonal antibody against NOD2. Recognizes NOD2 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC;ELISA:1:2000-1:5000, IHC:1:50-1:200

NOD2 Antibody
E037460 EnoGene 100μg/100μl 255 EUR
Description: Available in various conjugation types.

NOD2 Antibody
E91323 EnoGene 100ul 255 EUR
Description: Available in various conjugation types.

NOD2 Antibody
MBS150770-01mg MyBiosource 0.1mg 445 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS150770-5x01mg MyBiosource 5x0.1mg 1965 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS150816-01mg MyBiosource 0.1mg 445 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS150816-5x01mg MyBiosource 5x0.1mg 1965 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS7051336-005mg MyBiosource 0.05mg 190 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS7051336-01mg MyBiosource 0.1mg 270 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS7051336-5x01mg MyBiosource 5x0.1mg 1205 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS7128669-005mL MyBiosource 0.05mL 190 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS7128669-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 270 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS7128669-5x01mL MyBiosource 5x0.1mL 1205 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS7128670-005mL MyBiosource 0.05mL 190 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS7128670-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 270 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS7128670-5x01mL MyBiosource 5x0.1mL 1205 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS8504992-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 325 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS8504992-01mLAF405L MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF405L) 565 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS8504992-01mLAF405S MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF405S) 565 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS8504992-01mLAF610 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF610) 565 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS8504992-01mLAF635 MyBiosource 0.1mL(AF635) 565 EUR

Nod2 antibody
MBS838497-005mg MyBiosource 0.05mg 390 EUR

Nod2 antibody
MBS838497-01mg MyBiosource 0.1mg 1175 EUR

Nod2 antibody
MBS838497-5x01mg MyBiosource 5x0.1mg 5145 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS9403964-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 305 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS9403964-5x01mL MyBiosource 5x0.1mL 1230 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS9603353-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 260 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS9603353-02mL MyBiosource 0.2mL 305 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS9603353-5x02mL MyBiosource 5x0.2mL 1220 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS9412342-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 495 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS9412342-5x01mL MyBiosource 5x0.1mL 2075 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS9408700-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 495 EUR

NOD2 Antibody
MBS9408700-5x01mL MyBiosource 5x0.1mL 2075 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
A15992 Abclonal 500μL 173.58 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
A15992-100ul Abclonal 100 ul 369.6 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
A15992-200ul Abclonal 200 ul 550.8 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
A15992-20ul Abclonal 20 ul 219.6 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
A15992-50ul Abclonal 50 ul 267.6 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
E2861510 EnoGene 100ul 225 EUR
Description: Biotin-Conjugated, FITC-Conjugated , AF350 Conjugated , AF405M-Conjugated ,AF488-Conjugated, AF514-Conjugated ,AF532-Conjugated, AF555-Conjugated ,AF568-Conjugated , HRP-Conjugated, AF405S-Conjugated, AF405L-Conjugated , AF546-Conjugated, AF594-Conjugated , AF610-Conjugated, AF635-Conjugated , AF647-Conjugated , AF680-Conjugated , AF700-Conjugated , AF750-Conjugated , AF790-Conjugated , APC-Conjugated , PE-Conjugated , Cy3-Conjugated , Cy5-Conjugated , Cy5.5-Conjugated , Cy7-Conjugated Antibody

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
E45R22585N EnoGene 50 ul 297.75 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
E2161510 EnoGene 100ul 225 EUR
Description: Biotin-Conjugated, FITC-Conjugated , AF350 Conjugated , AF405M-Conjugated ,AF488-Conjugated, AF514-Conjugated ,AF532-Conjugated, AF555-Conjugated ,AF568-Conjugated , HRP-Conjugated, AF405S-Conjugated, AF405L-Conjugated , AF546-Conjugated, AF594-Conjugated , AF610-Conjugated, AF635-Conjugated , AF647-Conjugated , AF680-Conjugated , AF700-Conjugated , AF750-Conjugated , AF790-Conjugated , APC-Conjugated , PE-Conjugated , Cy3-Conjugated , Cy5-Conjugated , Cy5.5-Conjugated , Cy7-Conjugated Antibody

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
MBS9142141-002mL MyBiosource 0.02mL 200 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
MBS9142141-005mL MyBiosource 0.05mL 255 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
MBS9142141-01mL MyBiosource 0.1mL 345 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
MBS9142141-02mL MyBiosource 0.2mL 545 EUR

NOD2 Rabbit pAb
MBS9142141-5x02mL MyBiosource 5x0.2mL 2265 EUR

Human NOD2 siRNA
20-abx926111 Abbexa
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  • 15 nmol
  • 30 nmol

NOD2 siRNA (Human)
MBS8224622-15nmol MyBiosource 15nmol 405 EUR

NOD2 siRNA (Human)
MBS8224622-30nmol MyBiosource 30nmol 565 EUR

NOD2 siRNA (Human)